powersort/README.md

Bring Powersort to Java

Implementation of Powersort with the aim of integrating it into OpenJDK. Benchmarks are used to ensure that the runtime of the new sorting algorithm is never slower than the current Timsort implementation.

• Bring Powersort to Java
  • Setup
    • Development Setup with nix
  • Tasks
  • Test Cases
  • Benchmark
    • Custom
    • JMH
      • Run JMH with CGL and Powersort competition lists
      • IntelliJ plugin
      • Further notes

Setup

We use Gradle for dependency and build management.

Commandline

Update Gradle:

./gradlew wrapper --gradle-version latest

Check which Java toolchains Gradle finds:

./gradlew javaToolchains

This should include version >= 23, e.g.:

 + N/A JDK 23-ga
     | Location:           /nix/store/48290hnlb13xmwjw9y16a1s785993bv7-openjdk-23-ga/lib/openjdk
     | Language Version:   23
     | Vendor:             N/A
     | Architecture:       amd64
     | Is JDK:             true
     | Detected by:        Current JVM

Development Setup with nix

The provided ./shell.nix file can be used to set up a development environment with IntelliJ. The only prerequisite is to have a working nix installation for which there are multiple possibilities, e.g:

# https://github.com/DeterminateSystems/nix-installer?tab=readme-ov-file#determinate-nix-installer
curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf -L https://install.determinate.systems/nix | \
  sh -s -- install

Then the dependencies (JDK23, Gradle, IntelliJ) can be installed with:

nix-shell

IntelliJ

When using nix-shell, some manual configuration is necessary:

• STRG ALT SHIFT s -> SDK -> add JDK ->
  • home path: /usr/lib/openjdk
  • name: usr-lib-jdk
• STRG ALT s -> build tools -> gradle ->
  • local installation: /usr/lib/gradle
  • Gradle JVM: usr-lib-jdk

Tasks

List all Gradle tasks which can be run:

./gradlew tasks

This can also be done graphically in IntelliJ:

Test Cases

Run the task "test":

./gradlew test

Benchmark

There are two different benchmarks. One is based on the JMH benchmark framework, the other one is a custom benchmark implementation.

Custom

Run Custom Benchmark (CGM) with

• Custom Generated Lists (CGL):

./gradlew runCbmCgl

• Powersort competition lists:

./gradlew runCbmCompetition

JMH

Run JMH with CGL and Powersort competition lists

./gradlew jmh

• To benchmark only one of the different list collections, see jmh { excludes } at the bottom of ./app/build.gradle.kts.

IntelliJ plugin

The JMH Java Microbenchmark Harness plugin allows running benchmarks from within the IDE in a similar way as JUnit test cases. This can be used for development but yields less accurate results.

Further notes

• JHM: https://github.com/openjdk/jmh?tab=readme-ov-file#other-build-systems
• We use the JMH Gradle plugin: https://github.com/melix/jmh-gradle-plugin
• Sample JMH Gradle project: https://github.com/twoVersatile/jmhsample