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fix: nix garbage collection
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144
NixOS.md
144
NixOS.md
@ -22,11 +22,14 @@ This document contains general notes about NixOS that are independent of my NixO
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* [Nix profiles](#nix-profiles)
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* [Switch to previous system profile](#switch-to-previous-system-profile)
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* [List system profiles](#list-system-profiles)
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* [Deleting generations - Keep most recent X system profiles](#deleting-generations---keep-most-recent-x-system-profiles)
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* [Garbage collection - Delete unreachable store objects](#garbage-collection---delete-unreachable-store-objects)
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* [List installed packages](#list-installed-packages)
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* [why-depends: Why is a package installed](#why-depends-why-is-a-package-installed)
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* [Compare two system profiles](#compare-two-system-profiles)
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* [Garbage collection](#garbage-collection)
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* [GC roots](#gc-roots)
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* [Deleting generations - Keep most recent X system profiles](#deleting-generations---keep-most-recent-x-system-profiles)
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* [Garbage collection - Delete unreachable store objects](#garbage-collection---delete-unreachable-store-objects)
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* [Garbage collection - User specific generations](#garbage-collection---user-specific-generations)
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* [NixOS configuration debugging](#nixos-configuration-debugging)
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* [Show Nix configuration](#show-nix-configuration)
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* [Evaluate NixOS configuration to JSON](#evaluate-nixos-configuration-to-json)
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@ -485,47 +488,6 @@ ls -l /run/current-system
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 77 Nov 11 10:46 /run/current-system -> /nix/store/jf7ml8jzxrmg9djhfr8szq2f19hxysn5-nixos-system-yodaTab-24.05pre-git
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```
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### Deleting generations - Keep most recent X system profiles
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https://nix.dev/manual/nix/2.18/command-ref/nix-env/delete-generations
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> Periodically deleting old generations is important to make garbage collection effective. The is because profiles are also garbage collection roots.
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A NixOS config example is given in [nix-gc.nix](modules/nix-gc.nix).
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```shell
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sudo nix-env --delete-generations +7 --profile /nix/var/nix/profiles/system
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```
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After deleting some generations, it is still necessary to collect garbage in order to free up your system. See below.
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### Garbage collection - Delete unreachable store objects
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https://nix.dev/manual/nix/2.18/command-ref/nix-collect-garbage
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> `nix-collect-garbage` deletes all unreachable store objects in the Nix store to clean up your system.
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* https://nixos.org/manual/nix/stable/package-management/garbage-collection.html
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* https://discourse.nixos.org/t/why-doesnt-nix-collect-garbage-remove-old-generations-from-efi-menu/17592/4
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First delete unreachable store objects:
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```shell
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# Delete unreachable store objects
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sudo nix-collect-garbage
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# Deletes all except the currently active generation prior to deleting unreachable store objects
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#sudo nix-collect-garbage --delete-old
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# Deletes all generations older than 14d prior to deleting unreachable store objects
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#sudo nix-collect-garbage --delete-older-than 14d
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```
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Then remove leftover EFI entries of deleted generations:
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```shell
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sudo /run/current-system/bin/switch-to-configuration boot
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```
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### List installed packages
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https://nix.dev/manual/nix/2.23/command-ref/nix-store
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@ -662,6 +624,102 @@ tor-browser-bundle-bin: 12.5.2 → 12.5.3, +18.1 KiB
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user: +2885.0 KiB
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```
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## Garbage collection
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### GC roots
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https://nixos.org/guides/nix-pills/11-garbage-collector#cleanup-everything
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List garbage collection roots:
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```shell
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find /nix/var/nix/gcroots | sort
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```
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```
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/nix/var/nix/gcroots
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/nix/var/nix/gcroots/auto
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/nix/var/nix/gcroots/auto/1yr5778383bqqzc1sxv7lhj4brc42fpn
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...
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/nix/var/nix/gcroots/auto/z1hk2n5hbj0z6715392sc4vyjyz2b33q
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/nix/var/nix/gcroots/booted-system
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/nix/var/nix/gcroots/current-system
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/nix/var/nix/gcroots/per-user
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/nix/var/nix/gcroots/per-user/root
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/nix/var/nix/gcroots/per-user/yoda
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/nix/var/nix/gcroots/profiles
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```
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### Deleting generations - Keep most recent X system profiles
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https://nix.dev/manual/nix/2.18/command-ref/nix-env/delete-generations
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> Periodically deleting old generations is important to make garbage collection effective. The is because profiles are also garbage collection roots.
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A NixOS config example is given in [nix-gc.nix](modules/nix-gc.nix).
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```shell
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sudo nix-env --delete-generations +7 --profile /nix/var/nix/profiles/system
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```
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After deleting some generations, it is still necessary to collect garbage in order to free up your system. See below.
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**Note**: We are only cleaning up system profiles. There are still many other generations left which we didn't clean up!
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### Garbage collection - Delete unreachable store objects
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https://nix.dev/manual/nix/2.18/command-ref/nix-collect-garbage
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> `nix-collect-garbage` deletes all unreachable store objects in the Nix store to clean up your system.
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* https://nixos.org/manual/nix/stable/package-management/garbage-collection.html
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* https://discourse.nixos.org/t/why-doesnt-nix-collect-garbage-remove-old-generations-from-efi-menu/17592/4
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First delete unreachable store objects:
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```shell
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# Delete unreachable store objects
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sudo nix-collect-garbage
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# Deletes all except the currently active generation prior to deleting unreachable store objects
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#sudo nix-collect-garbage --delete-old
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# Deletes all generations older than 14d prior to deleting unreachable store objects
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#sudo nix-collect-garbage --delete-older-than 14d
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```
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Then remove leftover EFI entries of deleted generations:
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```shell
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sudo /run/current-system/bin/switch-to-configuration boot
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```
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### Garbage collection - User specific generations
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https://discourse.nixos.org/t/home-manager-and-garbage-collection/41715
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> I discovered a few hundred of these home-manager generations in my gc roots, under my and several other users’ ~/.local/state/nix/profiles directory, going back a long way. It seems these profile generations aren’t considered by the nix gc service, which I invoke with a --delete-older-than 10d parameter.
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https://nixos.wiki/wiki/Storage_optimization#Removing_old_generations
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> There are also user-specific generations for different things (e.g. home-manager). These can be removed [by running `nix-collect-garbage -d` as user]
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It is not enough to run garbage collection only for root:
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```shell
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sudo nix-collect-garbage --delete-older-than 3d
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#=> removing old generations of profile /nix/var/nix/profiles/per-user/root/home-manager
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#=> removing old generations of profile /nix/var/nix/profiles/per-user/root/channels
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#=> removing old generations of profile /nix/var/nix/profiles/system
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#=> removing old generations of profile /nix/var/nix/profiles/per-user/root/home-manager
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#=> removing old generations of profile /nix/var/nix/profiles/per-user/root/channels
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```
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Instead, we also need to run it for each user:
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```shell
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nix-collect-garbage --delete-older-than 3d
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#=> removing old generations of profile /home/yoda/.local/state/nix/profiles/home-manager
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```
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## NixOS configuration debugging
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* https://nixos.wiki/wiki/Nix_command/repl
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@ -1,54 +1,29 @@
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{ config, pkgs, ... }:
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{
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# Delete all system generations except the 7 most recent ones.
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# Then delete all unreachable store objects.
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#
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# Based on https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/nixos-23.11/nixos/modules/services/misc/nix-gc.nix
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# Garbage collection: Delete generations older than 5 days and then delete unreachable store objects.
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# Alternative: Delete generations older than 7 days and then delete unreachable store objects
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# https://nixos.wiki/wiki/Storage_optimization#Automation
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#nix.gc = {
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# automatic = true;
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# dates = "weekly";
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# options = "--delete-older-than 7d";
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#};
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assertions = [{
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assertion = config.nix.enable;
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message = ''nix-gc-7 requires nix.enable'';
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}];
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systemd.timers."nix-gc-7" = {
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wantedBy = [ "timers.target" ];
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partOf = [ "nix-gc-7.service" ];
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timerConfig = {
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OnCalendar = "weekly";
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Persistent = true;
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AccuracySec = "2d";
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RandomizedDelaySec = "1d";
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};
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# https://nixos.wiki/wiki/Storage_optimization#Removing_old_generations
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nix.gc = {
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automatic = true;
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dates = "weekly";
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options = "--delete-older-than 5d";
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};
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# View generated systemd service config with:
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# cat "$(systemctl show -P FragmentPath nix-gc-7.service)" | grep ExecStart
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systemd.services."nix-gc-7" = {
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description = "rm old system generations and unreachable store objects";
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conflicts = [ "shutdown.target" "sleep.target" ];
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before = [ "shutdown.target" "sleep.target" ];
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serviceConfig = {
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Type = "oneshot";
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PrivateTmp = true;
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Nice = 19;
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IOSchedulingClass = "idle";
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# We need to explicitly run garbage collection for user profiles,
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# this is not done by the global `nix.gc` option.
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home-manager.users."yoda" = { osConfig, config, pkgs, ... }: {
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nix.gc = {
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automatic = true;
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frequency = "weekly";
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options = "--delete-older-than 5d";
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};
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};
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home-manager.users."root" = { osConfig, config, pkgs, ... }: {
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nix.gc = {
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automatic = true;
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frequency = "weekly";
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options = "--delete-older-than 5d";
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};
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script = ''
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${config.nix.package.out}/bin/nix-env --delete-generations +7 --profile /nix/var/nix/profiles/system
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${config.nix.package.out}/bin/nix-collect-garbage
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'';
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};
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}
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