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fix: nix garbage collection
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59
NixOS.md
59
NixOS.md
@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ This document contains general notes about NixOS that are independent of my NixO
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* [Nix profiles](#nix-profiles)
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* [Switch to previous system profile](#switch-to-previous-system-profile)
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* [List system profiles](#list-system-profiles)
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* [Garbage collection - Keep most recent X system profiles](#garbage-collection---keep-most-recent-x-system-profiles)
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* [Garbage collection - Delete system profiles older than X days](#garbage-collection---delete-system-profiles-older-than-x-days)
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* [Deleting generations - Keep most recent X system profiles](#deleting-generations---keep-most-recent-x-system-profiles)
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* [Garbage collection - Delete unreachable store objects](#garbage-collection---delete-unreachable-store-objects)
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* [why-depends: Why is a package/dependency installed](#why-depends-why-is-a-packagedependency-installed)
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* [Compare two system profiles](#compare-two-system-profiles)
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* [NixOS configuration debugging](#nixos-configuration-debugging)
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@ -448,33 +448,24 @@ sudo reboot
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### List system profiles
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Not sure why 432 is marked as current. It is the default generation that gets activated on next boot. The currently active generation is, however, 429.
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```shell
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sudo nix-env --list-generations --profile /nix/var/nix/profiles/system
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```
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```console
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...
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428 2024-03-06 12:37:56
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429 2024-03-07 11:27:20
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430 2024-03-10 12:48:34
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431 2024-03-11 11:18:57
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432 2024-03-12 22:19:53 (current)
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282 2024-11-10 12:53:25
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283 2024-11-11 10:45:46 (current)
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```
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```shell
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ls -l /nix/var/nix/profiles/
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```
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```console
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 43 Dez 14 12:21 default -> /nix/var/nix/profiles/per-user/root/profile
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drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 16 Sep 1 2023 per-user
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Mär 12 22:19 system -> system-432-link
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...
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 77 Mär 6 12:37 system-428-link -> /nix/store/damngdyial0i96xa46csdqk36j2njavi-nixos-system-yodaTux-23.11pre-git
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 77 Mär 7 11:27 system-429-link -> /nix/store/k7c7576sz868gzjci1z6l6nzmdnpd6xr-nixos-system-yodaTux-23.11pre-git
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 77 Mär 10 12:48 system-430-link -> /nix/store/7468m7rgk425kb23aq222a498ynfqdkc-nixos-system-yodaTux-23.11pre-git
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 77 Mär 11 11:18 system-431-link -> /nix/store/r51yw36ddfxq8hdsz2mm6axpbqvjaigy-nixos-system-yodaTux-23.11pre-git
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 77 Mär 12 22:19 system-432-link -> /nix/store/i9pxh3ax6m0yr7xlk7y7c5xdzp74xqi4-nixos-system-yodaTux-23.11pre-git
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 43 Dez 26 2023 default -> /nix/var/nix/profiles/per-user/root/profile
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drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 16 Aug 15 2023 per-user
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Nov 11 10:45 system -> system-283-link
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 77 Nov 10 12:53 system-282-link -> /nix/store/jb5krdbbylwwgvxiadiv6fxja2zgc4h3-nixos-system-yodaTab-24.05pre-git
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 77 Nov 11 10:45 system-283-link -> /nix/store/jf7ml8jzxrmg9djhfr8szq2f19hxysn5-nixos-system-yodaTab-24.05pre-git
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```
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The currently running system. This is the currently active generation. By comparing the store path with the above output, we see that it matches generation 429.
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@ -483,33 +474,45 @@ The currently running system. This is the currently active generation. By compar
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ls -l /run/current-system
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```
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```console
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 77 Mär 9 12:44 /run/current-system -> /nix/store/k7c7576sz868gzjci1z6l6nzmdnpd6xr-nixos-system-yodaTux-23.11pre-git
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 77 Nov 11 10:46 /run/current-system -> /nix/store/jf7ml8jzxrmg9djhfr8szq2f19hxysn5-nixos-system-yodaTab-24.05pre-git
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```
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### Garbage collection - Keep most recent X system profiles
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### Deleting generations - Keep most recent X system profiles
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A NixOS config example is given in [base.nix](modules/base.nix).
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https://nix.dev/manual/nix/2.18/command-ref/nix-env/delete-generations
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> Periodically deleting old generations is important to make garbage collection effective. The is because profiles are also garbage collection roots.
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A NixOS config example is given in [nix-gc.nix](modules/nix-gc.nix).
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```shell
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sudo nix-env --delete-generations +7 --profile /nix/var/nix/profiles/system
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```
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TODO: Should we run `sudo nix-collect-garbage --delete-old` after the above?
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After deleting some generations, it is still necessary to collect garbage in order to free up your system. See below.
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### Garbage collection - Delete system profiles older than X days
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### Garbage collection - Delete unreachable store objects
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https://nix.dev/manual/nix/2.18/command-ref/nix-collect-garbage
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> `nix-collect-garbage` deletes all unreachable store objects in the Nix store to clean up your system.
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* https://nixos.org/manual/nix/stable/package-management/garbage-collection.html
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* https://discourse.nixos.org/t/why-doesnt-nix-collect-garbage-remove-old-generations-from-efi-menu/17592/4
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A NixOS config example is given in [base.nix](modules/base.nix).
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Run manually for all profiles:
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First delete unreachable store objects:
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```shell
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sudo nix-collect-garbage --delete-older-than 14d
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# Delete unreachable store objects
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sudo nix-collect-garbage
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# Deletes all except the currently active generation prior to deleting unreachable store objects
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#sudo nix-collect-garbage --delete-old
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# Deletes all generations older than 14d prior to deleting unreachable store objects
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#sudo nix-collect-garbage --delete-older-than 14d
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```
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Remove leftover EFI entries of removed generations:
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Then remove leftover EFI entries of deleted generations:
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```shell
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sudo /run/current-system/bin/switch-to-configuration boot
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@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
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{ config, pkgs, ... }:
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{
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# Keep only the 7 most recent system generations.
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# Delete all system generations except the 7 most recent ones.
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# Then delete all unreachable store objects.
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#
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# Based on https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/nixos-23.11/nixos/modules/services/misc/nix-gc.nix
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#
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# Alternatively: Delete generations older than 7 days
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# Alternative: Delete generations older than 7 days and then delete unreachable store objects
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# https://nixos.wiki/wiki/Storage_optimization#Automation
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#nix.gc = {
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# automatic = true;
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@ -29,8 +30,10 @@
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};
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};
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# View generated systemd service config with:
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# cat "$(systemctl show -P FragmentPath nix-gc-7.service)" | grep ExecStart
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systemd.services."nix-gc-7" = {
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description = "Keep only the most recent 7 system generations";
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description = "rm old system generations and unreachable store objects";
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conflicts = [ "shutdown.target" "sleep.target" ];
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before = [ "shutdown.target" "sleep.target" ];
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@ -45,6 +48,7 @@
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script = ''
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${config.nix.package.out}/bin/nix-env --delete-generations +7 --profile /nix/var/nix/profiles/system
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${config.nix.package.out}/bin/nix-collect-garbage
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'';
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};
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}
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